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Uses hand-held percussion instruments to perform adjustments. "The Activator® adjustment allows normalization of joint function by restoring the proper function of the feedback loop between the sensory and motor divisions of the central nervous system"."The body's stability comes from the pelvis, which is supported by the lower extremities and the whole system is stabilized by muscular control." (dr. James Gudgel D.C., 2002) The examination procedure incorporates spinal analysis for the identification of subluxations, but also evaluation of the extremities (boney and muscular analysis).

Active Release Technique®; Dr. P. Leahy (President), 888-396-2727,
            See "Myofascial Release" below.

Bio-Cranial System®: Contact Dr. Stuart Marmorstein D.C. 281-838-4328,

Technique developed by Robert Boyd D.O. using cranial osteopathy to treat relationships between the cranium, the spine and the dura mater. The corrective procedure is based on the work of Sutherland (D.O). The Bio Cranial System was developed in 1988 and is based on the research conducted at the International Bio Cranial Academy (IBCA) located in the United Kingdom. The Bio Cranial institute is actively managed by Dr. Boyd and is responsible for the propagation of information.

Chiropractic Neurobiotics: Dr. Johnson, 949-458-1558

Neurobiotics, which stands for, "nerves=life" was coined in 2002 after 20 years of clinical and empirical evidence gathered by Dr. Jeffrey R. Johnson D.C. He is a 1982 Palmer graduate. It is the science of locating and removing damaging nerve stress from the entire body, particularly the upper neck and the region surrounding the brain stem. The "Johnson Neurobiotic System®" (JNS) tries to address the abnormalities to the entire biomechanical and biochemical systems.

Contact Reflex Analysis®: Dr. D.A. Versendaal D.C., 541-776-0478, Fx: 541-245-9856

"A natural healing art with an emphasis on nutritional and energy management, which allows the life-force of the body to heal and defend itself from disease and illness." (from their 2003 seminar brochure)

Cox® Flexion Distraction Manipulation; 219-484-1964

Dr. James Cox's chiropractic manipulative technique for lower back pain, especially related to discopathy of the Lumbar segments. He makes use of a special Chiropractic table, of his own design, to induce flexion-distraction forces upon selected segments below the vertebra that is isolated. This may have the effect of bringing a bulging disc back toward it's normal position.

Dynamic Spinal Stretching; 831-688-0361

A personal fitness Technique developed by Dr. Arthur Faygenholtz D.C. in California. He makes use of a stick, combined with certain calesthenic positions to "improve flexibility, balance, strength, coordination and body/postural awareness". Dr. Faygenholtz provides educational seminars promoting his technique (from a 2011 seminar brochure)

Gonstead®;

A Chiropractic Technique developed by Dr. Clarence Gonstead D.C. in the 1930's and 1940's. He designed a reproducible system which uses Instrumentation (Nervo-scope, a thermo-sensitive instrument for the detection of possible nerve irritation), static digital palpation, motion palpation, visualization and X-ray analysis as the minimum criteria to decide on the best method for correction of the vertebral subluxation complex. Correction is done manually using specific contact, short-lever adjustments. He pioneered the seated cervical adjustment (for P-A correction), and the Knee-chest table. The focus of the technique layed in the Extension subluxation and its relation to disc position (specifically, "wedging" of the discs between vertebral bodies).

George Gonzalez DC: Chiropractic Laser Techniques, 323-653-2818

The "Gonzalez Rehabilitative Technique", makes great use of "Cold" lasers to serve as an adjunct to more traditional soft tissue techniques.

Graston Technique, 866-926-2828 or 317-313-0680,

Soft tissue techniques (that are "research based"), SASTM, that make use of various basic handheld non-mechanical/ non-electronic instruments that resemble scrapers. Taught by David Graston. SASTM stands for Sound Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization. See Grastontechnique.com for educational information.

Grostic/ Orthospinology Technique, 334-793-7992

Developed by John Grostic D.C. during the 1930's and 1940's. It is a system of upper cervical Chiropractic care that employs an X-ray analysis which quantifies the lateral and rotational misalignments between the Atlas , Axis and Occiput. The treatment procedure is based on concepts developed by Drs. B.J. Palmer D.C., and Al Wernsing D.C. and is derived from the "Hole-in-one" (HIO) technique. Careful adjusting procedures (pisiform contact with a short light toggle thrust) and post-adjustment re-evaluation are important for the success of the treatment. After Grostic's death in 1965, two groups were formed based on the Orthospinal principals developed by Grostic:

Atlas Orthogonal Technique (Sweat), 770-457-4430, Founded in the 1970's by Dr. Roy Sweat D.C. to pursue research and development of instrument adjusting (an anchored percussion device with a metal stylus) of the upper cervical region. The development of an "Atlas orthogonal" X-ray frame, chair and attachments for the X-ray machine are important for the analysis of upper segmental subluxations.

NUCCA - National Upper Cervical Chiropractic Association under the direction of Dr. Ralph Gregory D.C., This group makes use of specific Manual upper cervical adjusting techniques...

Instrument Adjusting Techniques:

• Similar machines to those developped by Sweat are found in the "Neuromechanical System"® (888.294.4750) promoted by Dr. Chris Colloca D.C.. This technique adjusts the vertebral segments following a procedure that determines specific contact points, lines of drive, force settings and kinematic relationships. The device (Impulse Adjusting Instrument®) is used to actually move the bone, or/and to stimulate proprioceptive nerve receptors within the soft tissues ("Neuromuscular resetting") for more effective adjustments (info from a "NeuroMechanical Innovations®" brochure)
• Chiropractic Biophysics; correction of spinal patterns, 800.346.5146, fx: 307.789.2154 Harrison Method, current promoter is Dr. Deed Harrison D.C.by use of specific diagnostic testing (primarily radiographgic) to determine precise VSC listings, follow-up diagnostics are used to document progress [in structural presentation]. A quote from a prospectus: CBP® Technique adjusting interventions include Mirror Image® spine and postural adjustments using a combination of instrument, drop table and manual methods. CBP® Technique rehabilitative interventions include Mirror Image® spine and postural exercises and traction using a variety of original and well established devices and methods. Additionally, ergonomic intervention, nutritional recommendations, and other standard procedures are incorporated creating a comprehensive system for today's patient populations.
• Cymerint Technique: promoted by Dr. Mark Cymerint D.C., is very similar to the method promoted by Dr. Colloca D.C., and makes use of an ultra fast percussive device which purpose is to provoke a proprioceptive simulation at various points (sub-occipital, Trapezius, sacro-iliac for example) to provide a postural correction. This technique is said to be used in association with more traditional CMT, and is based on an analysis of postural/ positional faults. (Info obtained at a seminar)
• Activator Technique: See Activator® above.

Logan Basic technique, 800-782-3344

Motion Palpation, 800-359-2289

Myofascial Release (MFR): Theresa Schmidt MS, PT,

A method based on the identification and treatment of "Myofascial restrictions". Assessment is usually through postural, proprioception and motion testing. MFR is used to improve tissue mobility, circulation and posture, especially with the goal of reducing painful limitations brought on by the restrictions. This is a manual technique that is typically not related to Chiropractic (they make use of Distraction techniques, Soft-tissue Mobilization techniques such as interfiber/intermuscular/intramuscular stroking, z-friction, circular friction, elbowing, knuckling releases, and, 3-D releases such as tissue gliding, crosshands, tissue & muscle play). Those D.C.'s who do treat Myofascial restrictions are usually Sports Chiropractors (CCSP, DACSP) and practice a variation of MFR referred to as "Active Release Technique". (source: Cross Country Education pamphlet 01/2007)

Myokinesthetic System: Michael Uriarte D.C. 888-603-2682

A soft-tissue technique developped by Dr. Uriarte by 1997 in which the muscular system is used as a tool to influence the nervous system. "The technique teaches how to clear impingements in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), and impact the Central Nervous System (CNS). Dr. Uriarte has mapped the nerve roots and the PNS, where they travel and to which muscles [they innervate]." (from the 01/2006 brochure promoting the technique) Functional muscle testing is used along with a predetermined neurologic checklist to evaluate the status of the nerve root/muscle relationship. Treatment makes use of direct contact of the muscles, use of motion and proprioception in "re-educationing" muscles.

Neuromuscular Re-education (NMR) technique, 805.687.2111 for soft tissue/sports injuries, Dr. Paul Levy.

Percussion Therapy, 800-569-8624 (Impac Inc.).

Technique that makes use of a percussive device (VibraCussor(TM), ArthroStim(TM)) to adjust various soft tissue structures. Developped (?) / dessiminated by Dr. John Moore D.C.

Pettibon Biomechanics Institute (WA), 800-738-4266; email= pettibon@narrows.com

Pierce-Stillwagon Technique, 724-258-6553

Quantum Reflex Analysis, presented by Dr. Bob Marshall (Premier Research Labs), 800-325-7734

Not a Chiropractic technique; "A Breakthrough healing system for rapid analysis and resolution of even long-standing health problems using the latest discoveries in quantum physics to permanently restore health and wellness" [taken from promotional pamphlet provided by Premier Research (01/2007)]. A therapeutic approach that focuses on nutrition supplementation. Uses tests to identify toxic nutrients, foods & supplements, then to induce "quantum cellular resonance" in specific glands and organs. (Note: that these claims have not been evaluated by the FDA and their veracity has not been substantiated)

Somatic Technique, presented by Dr. Jim Dreaver & Palmer post grad. Dept., 800-442-4476

"Somatic Technique is a series of hands-on procedures and exercises for releasing chronically tight muscles and enhancing mind/body awareness. It helps correct musculo-skeletal problems by reawakening normal sensation and feeling in the muscles, while at the same time teaching patients to be more centered and relaxed in their bodies. It is based on the work of Thomas Hanna, Ph.D., author of the book; Somatics: Reawakening the mind's control of movement, flexibility and health. Dr. Hanna's own work was influenced by the ideas of Moshe Feldenkrais, a pioneer in the field of sensory-motor learning".* In somatic technique, the practitioner tries to increase sensory awareness in order to regain motor control that is lost during chronic myospasms. That is done by having the patient contract the tight muscle against resistance offered by the clinician, followed by gradual lengthening of this muscle against resistance (eccentric contraction). Dr. Dreaver has written a book; "Somatic Technique" (ACA Press). (*=this quotation is taken from a pamphlet published by the Palmer-West post-graduation and continuing education department, advertizing the seminar by Dr. Dreaver)

SASTM: Sound Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization, see Graston Technique

S.O.T.(Sacro-occipital-technique) / Chiropractic Craniopathy

Dr. Nelson Decamp DC writes: "Chiropractic Craniopathy, as developed since the 1920's by M.B. Dejarnette, DC as Sacro-Occipital technique, is based on the early Cranial technique of Osteopathy. This cranial phenomenon was recognized in 1899 by W.G. Sutherland, DO, and developed into an applicable technique and published in 1939 as a small text entitled "The Cranial Bowl". An excellent expanded text, "Osteopathy in the Cranial Field", was written by H.I. Magoun, DO in 1966. During the period of Craniopathy that these texts were the basis of Osteopathic Craniopathy, the emphasis was on the cranium and its correction. Not much was written or practiced relating to the causes of cranial dysfunction from the pelvic complex or postural compensations. Therefore, due to many decompensational adverse reactions to cranial corrections and decreased osteopathic involvement and interest in spinal manipulation, osteopathic cranial development waned. In 1983, J.E. Upledger, DO, produced the text "Craniosacral Therapy". In this text, the previous osteopathic cranial procedures were eliminated. Passive light touch and cranial rhythmic impulse energy balancing were developed so as to not upset compensation or patterns of dysfunction which previously created adverse reactions in the patient. This is presently being taught, mostly, to non primary health care practitioners. Dejarnette, an osteopathic student prior to becoming a Chiropractor, was an early student of Sutherland's Craniopathy. In personal conversations with him he stated, "I had experienced reactions to cranial corrections personally and was bound and determined to find a system of analysis and treatment to eliminate the reactions to cranial adjustments. Correcting the cranial function and releasing stress on the central nervous system is the ultimate goal in health". In 1968, Dejarnette felt he had developed a system (Sacro Occipital Technic) of objective analytic indicators for sacrum and occiput corrections, based on the cranial sacral respiratory system, sufficiently to begin teaching Craniopathy to the chiropractic profession. He wrote yearly texts on SOT and Craniopathy until 1984 and his work continues to be taught by the Sacro Occipital Research Society International, which he founded to carry on his work."(This information was taken from literature promoting SORSI)

Sacro-Occipital Resource Society International;

Sacro Occipital Technique Organization, USA: also sponsors "Pediatrics Cranial" seminars (SOTO-USA is a non-profit organization formed to promote the awareness, understanding and utilization of the S.O.T. method of Chiropractic as founded and developed by Dr. DeJarnette.
* from their 2003 seminar brochure)

Thompson Adjusting Technique, c/o Dr. Terence Brady, 562-809-8095, also: thompsonseminars.com

"A 1947 graduate of Palmer College, Dr. J. Clay Thompson D.C. realized early in practice, that traditional adjusting methods and tables could cause fatigue in doctors and sometimes be painful to patients. By 1952, his understanding of biomechanics and research of Newton's law of motion enabled him to develop this system of analyzing full-spine subluxations and the low force method of correction. Today, the Thompson Technique remains the leader in alternatives to forceful and leverage adjusting methods"*. This technique makes use of "Drop" tables such as the Zenith Lo Force, which has a system of weighing the patient so that they may be adjusted with a minimum of force. This can be used for spinal subluxations but also for those involving the extremities. The drop technology is readily adaptable to many other techniques. ([*]This info is taken from a pamphlet promoting Thompson seminars 12/2006).

Touch For Health; A soft tissue technique developped by Dr. Thie D.C., 888-785-0110

Upper Cervical Techniques: All of which are derived from The work of B.J. Palmer (see Palmer Upper Cervical below):

Atlas Orthogonal Technique (see Grostic above)
Blair Technique; developed by Dr.William Blair D.C.. The technique of upper cervical correction (C1-C4) takes into account the natural assymetries present in the cervical spine. It uses a toggle thrust with torquing but no recoil, with an ipsilateral or contralateral pisiform contact. (The patient is side postured). Dermo-thermographic instruments and leg-legnth analysis aid in the evaluation of subluxations.
Grostic/ Orthospinology Technique (see Grostic above)
Kale Technique; developed by Dr. Michael Kale D.C., makes use of a knee-chest position, also uses toggle thrust to the side of the Atlas, with a torque component (depending on an inferior or superior subluxation of the Atlas). Scanning equipment is used to identify a subluxation.
Life Upper Cervical, 770-426-2709, a method developed by Dr. Sid Williams D.C. and taught at Life University.
NUCCA - National Upper Cervical Chiropractic Association (see Grostic above)
Palmer Upper cervical (HIO), 800-722-3648,
An upper cervical adjusting technique developed by B. J. Palmer, and taught at the Palmer College of Chiropractic. This technique serves as the basis for all other upper cervical methods.

Veterinary Orthopedic Manipulation, 888-935-4866 Webster Technique, 800-670-5437